CUSTOMS ASPECTS OF THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF SETTLEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Abstract

The article analyzes the customs implications of applying alternative civil-law mechanisms of settlement in international trade, which are used due to restrictions on traditional forms of international settlements such as bank transfers, letters of credit, and collections. The study examines the civil-law mechanisms employed by participants in foreign economic activity to fulfill monetary obligations, including settlements involving payment agents, assignment of claims, and set-off arrangements. Particular attention is paid to the impact of these mechanisms on the substantiation of customs value and the conduct of customs control. The article concludes that the transformation of international settlement methods through the use of alternative civil-law mechanisms entails customs consequences that should be taken into account by participants in foreign economic activity at the stage of structuring foreign trade transactions.